feat(plan): sabit gelir/gider kalemleri ve dönem notları (backend)

- /api/periods/{id}/plan-items: listele, ekle; /api/plan-items/{id}: düzenle, sil
- Önceki dönemden kopyala: göreli gün korunur, dönem sonuna kırpılır, aynı kalem tekrar eklenmez
- /api/periods/{id}/notes (planning | review), /api/notes/{id}: Markdown notlar
- Kapalı dönemde değişiklik yok; silme geri alınabilir şekilde işaretlenir
- Entegrasyon testleri (5): kurallar, kopyalama, salt okunur dönem, hane izolasyonu

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/src/models/mod.rs

@@ -5,5 +5,7 @@ pub mod common;
 pub mod group;
 pub mod household;
 pub mod invite;
+pub mod note;
 pub mod period;
+pub mod plan_item;
 pub mod user;

backend/src/models/note.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+//! `notes` koleksiyonu (DATA_MODEL.md §3.11). Notlar döneme özeldir.
+
+use mongodb::bson::{DateTime, Uuid};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use ts_rs::TS;
+
+/// Notun bağlı olduğu sayfa
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+#[ts(export, rename = "NoteContext")]
+pub enum NoteContext {
+    /// Aylık planlama
+    Planning,
+    /// Ay sonu değerlendirmesi
+    Review,
+}
+
+impl NoteContext {
+    pub fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            NoteContext::Planning => "planning",
+            NoteContext::Review => "review",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Note {
+    #[serde(rename = "_id")]
+    pub id: Uuid,
+    pub period_id: Uuid,
+    pub context: NoteContext,
+    pub title: String,
+    pub body_md: String,
+    pub created_by: Uuid,
+    pub updated_at: DateTime,
+    pub version: i32,
+}

backend/src/models/plan_item.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+//! `plan_items` koleksiyonu — sabit gelir / gider kalemleri (DATA_MODEL.md §3.7).
+
+use mongodb::bson::Uuid;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use ts_rs::TS;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+#[ts(export, rename = "PlanItemKind")]
+pub enum PlanKind {
+    Income,
+    Expense,
+}
+
+impl PlanKind {
+    pub fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            PlanKind::Income => "income",
+            PlanKind::Expense => "expense",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+pub struct PlanItem {
+    #[serde(rename = "_id")]
+    pub id: Uuid,
+    pub period_id: Uuid,
+    pub kind: PlanKind,
+    pub name: String,
+    /// Kuruş
+    pub amount: i64,
+    /// `"YYYY-MM-DD"` (isteğe bağlı)
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub date: Option<String>,
+    pub sort_order: i32,
+    pub version: i32,
+}

backend/src/routes/mod.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ mod auth;
 mod catalog;
 mod health;
 mod household;
+mod note;
 mod period;
+mod plan;
 mod spa;
 
 use axum::{
@@ -63,6 +65,17 @@ pub fn router(state: AppState) -> Router {
         .route("/periods", get(period::list).post(period::create))
         .route("/periods/current", get(period::current))
         .route("/periods/{id}", get(period::get).patch(period::update))
+        .route(
+            "/periods/{id}/plan-items",
+            get(plan::list).post(plan::create),
+        )
+        .route(
+            "/periods/{id}/plan-items/copy-previous",
+            post(plan::copy_previous),
+        )
+        .route("/plan-items/{id}", patch(plan::update).delete(plan::delete))
+        .route("/periods/{id}/notes", get(note::list).post(note::create))
+        .route("/notes/{id}", patch(note::update).delete(note::delete))
         // Bilinmeyen /api/... → JSON 404 (arayüzün index.html'i dönmesin)
         .fallback(|| async { AppError::NotFound });
 

backend/src/routes/note.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+//! Dönem notları:
+//!
+//! | Yöntem | Yol | İş |
+//! |---|---|---|
+//! | GET    | `/api/periods/{id}/notes?context=planning` | notlar (sayfa filtresi isteğe bağlı) |
+//! | POST   | `/api/periods/{id}/notes`                  | not ekle |
+//! | PATCH  | `/api/notes/{id}`                          | düzenle |
+//! | DELETE | `/api/notes/{id}`                          | sil |
+
+use axum::{
+    Json,
+    extract::{Path, Query, State},
+    http::StatusCode,
+};
+use mongodb::bson::Uuid;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use ts_rs::TS;
+use validator::Validate;
+
+use crate::{
+    auth::AuthUser,
+    error::{AppError, AppResult},
+    extract::ValidJson,
+    models::note::{Note, NoteContext},
+    services::note,
+    state::AppState,
+};
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+pub struct ListQuery {
+    context: Option<NoteContext>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Validate, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "NoteCreateRequest")]
+pub struct CreateRequest {
+    context: NoteContext,
+    title: String,
+    /// Markdown
+    #[serde(default)]
+    body_md: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Validate, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "NoteUpdateRequest", optional_fields)]
+pub struct UpdateRequest {
+    title: Option<String>,
+    body_md: Option<String>,
+    version: Option<i32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "Note")]
+pub struct NoteDto {
+    id: String,
+    context: NoteContext,
+    title: String,
+    body_md: String,
+    created_by: String,
+    /// ISO 8601
+    updated_at: String,
+    version: i32,
+}
+
+impl From<Note> for NoteDto {
+    fn from(n: Note) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            id: n.id.to_string(),
+            context: n.context,
+            title: n.title,
+            body_md: n.body_md,
+            created_by: n.created_by.to_string(),
+            updated_at: n.updated_at.try_to_rfc3339_string().unwrap_or_default(),
+            version: n.version,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn parse_id(id: &str) -> AppResult<Uuid> {
+    Uuid::parse_str(id).map_err(|_| AppError::NotFound)
+}
+
+pub async fn list(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(period_id): Path<String>,
+    Query(q): Query<ListQuery>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<Vec<NoteDto>>> {
+    let notes = note::list(&s.db, auth.household_id, parse_id(&period_id)?, q.context).await?;
+    Ok(Json(notes.into_iter().map(NoteDto::from).collect()))
+}
+
+pub async fn create(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(period_id): Path<String>,
+    ValidJson(req): ValidJson<CreateRequest>,
+) -> AppResult<(StatusCode, Json<NoteDto>)> {
+    let n = note::create(
+        &s.db,
+        auth.household_id,
+        auth.user_id,
+        parse_id(&period_id)?,
+        req.context,
+        &req.title,
+        &req.body_md,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    Ok((StatusCode::CREATED, Json(n.into())))
+}
+
+pub async fn update(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(id): Path<String>,
+    ValidJson(req): ValidJson<UpdateRequest>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<NoteDto>> {
+    let n = note::update(
+        &s.db,
+        auth.household_id,
+        parse_id(&id)?,
+        req.title.as_deref(),
+        req.body_md.as_deref(),
+        req.version,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    Ok(Json(n.into()))
+}
+
+pub async fn delete(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(id): Path<String>,
+) -> AppResult<StatusCode> {
+    note::delete(&s.db, auth.household_id, parse_id(&id)?).await?;
+    Ok(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
+}

backend/src/routes/plan.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+//! Sabit gelir / gider kalemleri:
+//!
+//! | Yöntem | Yol | İş |
+//! |---|---|---|
+//! | GET    | `/api/periods/{id}/plan-items`               | dönemin kalemleri |
+//! | POST   | `/api/periods/{id}/plan-items`               | kalem ekle |
+//! | POST   | `/api/periods/{id}/plan-items/copy-previous` | önceki dönemden kopyala |
+//! | PATCH  | `/api/plan-items/{id}`                       | düzenle |
+//! | DELETE | `/api/plan-items/{id}`                       | sil |
+
+use axum::{
+    Json,
+    extract::{Path, State},
+    http::StatusCode,
+};
+use mongodb::bson::Uuid;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use ts_rs::TS;
+use validator::Validate;
+
+use crate::{
+    auth::AuthUser,
+    error::{AppError, AppResult},
+    extract::ValidJson,
+    models::plan_item::{PlanItem, PlanKind},
+    services::plan::{self, ItemChanges, NewItem},
+    state::AppState,
+};
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Validate, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "PlanItemCreateRequest", optional_fields)]
+pub struct CreateRequest {
+    kind: PlanKind,
+    name: String,
+    /// Kuruş, > 0
+    #[ts(type = "number")]
+    amount: i64,
+    /// `"YYYY-MM-DD"`, dönem içinde (isteğe bağlı)
+    date: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Validate, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "PlanItemUpdateRequest", optional_fields)]
+pub struct UpdateRequest {
+    name: Option<String>,
+    #[ts(type = "number", optional)]
+    amount: Option<i64>,
+    /// Boş metin → tarihi kaldır
+    date: Option<String>,
+    version: Option<i32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "PlanItem")]
+pub struct PlanItemDto {
+    id: String,
+    kind: PlanKind,
+    name: String,
+    /// Kuruş
+    #[ts(type = "number")]
+    amount: i64,
+    date: Option<String>,
+    sort_order: i32,
+    version: i32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, TS)]
+#[ts(export)]
+pub struct CopyPreviousResult {
+    /// Eklenen kalem sayısı (zaten var olanlar atlanır)
+    added: usize,
+}
+
+impl From<PlanItem> for PlanItemDto {
+    fn from(i: PlanItem) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            id: i.id.to_string(),
+            kind: i.kind,
+            name: i.name,
+            amount: i.amount,
+            date: i.date,
+            sort_order: i.sort_order,
+            version: i.version,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn parse_id(id: &str) -> AppResult<Uuid> {
+    Uuid::parse_str(id).map_err(|_| AppError::NotFound)
+}
+
+pub async fn list(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(period_id): Path<String>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<Vec<PlanItemDto>>> {
+    let items = plan::list(&s.db, auth.household_id, parse_id(&period_id)?).await?;
+    Ok(Json(items.into_iter().map(PlanItemDto::from).collect()))
+}
+
+pub async fn create(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(period_id): Path<String>,
+    ValidJson(req): ValidJson<CreateRequest>,
+) -> AppResult<(StatusCode, Json<PlanItemDto>)> {
+    let item = plan::create(
+        &s.db,
+        auth.household_id,
+        parse_id(&period_id)?,
+        NewItem {
+            kind: req.kind,
+            name: req.name,
+            amount: req.amount,
+            date: req.date,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    Ok((StatusCode::CREATED, Json(item.into())))
+}
+
+pub async fn copy_previous(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(period_id): Path<String>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<CopyPreviousResult>> {
+    let added = plan::copy_previous(&s.db, auth.household_id, parse_id(&period_id)?).await?;
+    Ok(Json(CopyPreviousResult { added }))
+}
+
+pub async fn update(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(id): Path<String>,
+    ValidJson(req): ValidJson<UpdateRequest>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<PlanItemDto>> {
+    let item = plan::update(
+        &s.db,
+        auth.household_id,
+        parse_id(&id)?,
+        ItemChanges {
+            name: req.name,
+            amount: req.amount,
+            date: req.date,
+            version: req.version,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    Ok(Json(item.into()))
+}
+
+pub async fn delete(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(id): Path<String>,
+) -> AppResult<StatusCode> {
+    plan::delete(&s.db, auth.household_id, parse_id(&id)?).await?;
+    Ok(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
+}

backend/src/services/mod.rs

@@ -4,5 +4,7 @@ pub mod account;
 pub mod calendar;
 pub mod catalog;
 pub mod invite;
+pub mod note;
 pub mod period;
+pub mod plan;
 pub mod seed;

backend/src/services/note.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+//! Dönem notları (KAKEIBO_PROMPT §8.6): başlık + Markdown metin, `planning` ya da `review`.
+
+use mongodb::{
+    Database,
+    bson::{Bson, Document, Uuid, doc},
+    options::ReturnDocument,
+};
+
+use crate::{
+    db::col,
+    error::{AppError, AppResult},
+    models::{
+        common::{new_meta, now, scope},
+        note::{Note, NoteContext},
+    },
+    services::period,
+};
+
+pub const MAX_BODY: usize = 20_000;
+
+fn coll(db: &Database) -> mongodb::Collection<Note> {
+    db.collection(col::NOTES)
+}
+
+/// Dönemin notları (isteğe bağlı sayfa filtresiyle), en yeni değişen başta.
+pub async fn list(
+    db: &Database,
+    household_id: Uuid,
+    period_id: Uuid,
+    context: Option<NoteContext>,
+) -> AppResult<Vec<Note>> {
+    period::get(db, household_id, period_id).await?;
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("period_id", period_id);
+    if let Some(c) = context {
+        f.insert("context", c.as_str());
+    }
+    let mut cursor = coll(db).find(f).sort(doc! { "updated_at": -1 }).await?;
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    while cursor.advance().await? {
+        out.push(cursor.deserialize_current()?);
+    }
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
+pub async fn create(
+    db: &Database,
+    household_id: Uuid,
+    user_id: Uuid,
+    period_id: Uuid,
+    context: NoteContext,
+    title: &str,
+    body_md: &str,
+) -> AppResult<Note> {
+    period::get_open(db, household_id, period_id).await?;
+    let mut d = new_meta(household_id);
+    let id = d.get("_id").cloned().unwrap_or(Bson::Null);
+    d.insert("period_id", period_id);
+    d.insert("context", context.as_str());
+    d.insert("title", clean_title(title)?);
+    d.insert("body_md", clean_body(body_md)?);
+    d.insert("created_by", user_id);
+    db.collection::<Document>(col::NOTES).insert_one(d).await?;
+    coll(db)
+        .find_one(doc! { "_id": id })
+        .await?
+        .ok_or_else(|| AppError::Internal("eklenen not okunamadı".into()))
+}
+
+pub async fn update(
+    db: &Database,
+    household_id: Uuid,
+    id: Uuid,
+    title: Option<&str>,
+    body_md: Option<&str>,
+    version: Option<i32>,
+) -> AppResult<Note> {
+    let current = get(db, household_id, id).await?;
+    period::get_open(db, household_id, current.period_id).await?;
+    if version.is_some_and(|v| v != current.version) {
+        return Err(stale());
+    }
+    let mut set = doc! { "updated_at": now() };
+    if let Some(t) = title {
+        set.insert("title", clean_title(t)?);
+    }
+    if let Some(b) = body_md {
+        set.insert("body_md", clean_body(b)?);
+    }
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("_id", id);
+    f.insert("version", current.version);
+    coll(db)
+        .find_one_and_update(f, doc! { "$set": set, "$inc": { "version": 1 } })
+        .return_document(ReturnDocument::After)
+        .await?
+        .ok_or_else(stale)
+}
+
+pub async fn delete(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, id: Uuid) -> AppResult<()> {
+    let current = get(db, household_id, id).await?;
+    period::get_open(db, household_id, current.period_id).await?;
+    let ts = now();
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("_id", id);
+    db.collection::<Document>(col::NOTES)
+        .update_one(
+            f,
+            doc! { "$set": { "deleted_at": ts, "updated_at": ts }, "$inc": { "version": 1 } },
+        )
+        .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn get(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, id: Uuid) -> AppResult<Note> {
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("_id", id);
+    coll(db).find_one(f).await?.ok_or(AppError::NotFound)
+}
+
+fn clean_title(t: &str) -> AppResult<String> {
+    let t = t.trim();
+    match t.chars().count() {
+        0 => Err(AppError::BadRequest("Not başlığı boş olamaz".into())),
+        1..=120 => Ok(t.to_string()),
+        _ => Err(AppError::BadRequest(
+            "Not başlığı en fazla 120 karakter olabilir".into(),
+        )),
+    }
+}
+
+fn clean_body(b: &str) -> AppResult<String> {
+    if b.chars().count() > MAX_BODY {
+        return Err(AppError::BadRequest(format!(
+            "Not metni en fazla {MAX_BODY} karakter olabilir"
+        )));
+    }
+    Ok(b.to_string())
+}
+
+fn stale() -> AppError {
+    AppError::Conflict("Not başka biri tarafından değiştirildi, sayfayı yenileyin".into())
+}

backend/src/services/period.rs

@@ -73,6 +73,22 @@ pub async fn get(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, id: Uuid) -> AppResult<Perio
     coll(db).find_one(f).await?.ok_or(AppError::NotFound)
 }
 
+/// Yazma işlemleri için: dönem bu haneye ait ve **açık** olmalı.
+/// Plan kalemleri, notlar ve (Faz 5) harcamalar bunu kullanır.
+pub async fn get_open(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, id: Uuid) -> AppResult<Period> {
+    let p = get(db, household_id, id).await?;
+    if p.status == PeriodStatus::Closed {
+        return Err(closed());
+    }
+    Ok(p)
+}
+
+pub fn closed() -> AppError {
+    AppError::Conflict(
+        "Kapalı dönem değiştirilemez. Düzeltme için hane sahibi dönemi yeniden açmalı.".into(),
+    )
+}
+
 pub async fn create(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, p: NewPeriod) -> AppResult<Period> {
     let (start, end) = validate_range(&p.start_date, &p.end_date)?;
     let savings_goal = validate_amount(p.savings_goal.unwrap_or(0))?;
@@ -135,9 +151,7 @@ pub async fn update(
 ) -> AppResult<Period> {
     let current = get(db, household_id, id).await?;
     if current.status == PeriodStatus::Closed {
-        return Err(AppError::Conflict(
-            "Kapalı dönem değiştirilemez. Düzeltme için hane sahibi dönemi yeniden açmalı.".into(),
-        ));
+        return Err(closed());
     }
     if ch.version.is_some_and(|v| v != current.version) {
         return Err(stale());
@@ -192,7 +206,7 @@ fn validate_range(start: &str, end: &str) -> AppResult<(Date, Date)> {
     Ok((start, end))
 }
 
-fn validate_amount(v: i64) -> AppResult<i64> {
+pub fn validate_amount(v: i64) -> AppResult<i64> {
     if !(0..=MAX_AMOUNT).contains(&v) {
         return Err(AppError::BadRequest("Tutar geçersiz".into()));
     }

backend/src/services/plan.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+//! Sabit gelir / gider kalemleri (KAKEIBO_PROMPT §8.3).
+//!
+//! - Tutar kuruş, > 0. Tarih isteğe bağlı; verilirse dönem içinde olmalı.
+//! - Kapalı dönemde yazma yok.
+//! - "Önceki dönemden kopyala": kalemler göreli günüyle taşınır (5 Ara → 5 Oca);
+//!   aynı tür + ad zaten varsa atlanır (iki kez basınca kopya oluşmaz).
+
+use mongodb::{
+    Database,
+    bson::{Bson, Document, Uuid, doc},
+    options::ReturnDocument,
+};
+use time::Duration;
+
+use crate::{
+    db::col,
+    error::{AppError, AppResult},
+    models::{
+        common::{new_meta, now, scope},
+        period::Period,
+        plan_item::{PlanItem, PlanKind},
+    },
+    services::{
+        calendar::{format_date, parse_date},
+        period,
+    },
+};
+
+pub struct NewItem {
+    pub kind: PlanKind,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub amount: i64,
+    pub date: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct ItemChanges {
+    pub name: Option<String>,
+    pub amount: Option<i64>,
+    /// `Some("")` → tarihi kaldır
+    pub date: Option<String>,
+    pub version: Option<i32>,
+}
+
+fn coll(db: &Database) -> mongodb::Collection<PlanItem> {
+    db.collection(col::PLAN_ITEMS)
+}
+
+/// Dönemin kalemleri: önce gelirler, sonra giderler; her biri sıralı.
+pub async fn list(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, period_id: Uuid) -> AppResult<Vec<PlanItem>> {
+    period::get(db, household_id, period_id).await?; // dönem bu haneye ait mi?
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("period_id", period_id);
+    let mut cursor = coll(db)
+        .find(f)
+        .sort(doc! { "kind": -1, "sort_order": 1 }) // "income" > "expense" → gelir önce
+        .await?;
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    while cursor.advance().await? {
+        out.push(cursor.deserialize_current()?);
+    }
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
+pub async fn create(
+    db: &Database,
+    household_id: Uuid,
+    period_id: Uuid,
+    item: NewItem,
+) -> AppResult<PlanItem> {
+    let p = period::get_open(db, household_id, period_id).await?;
+    let name = clean_name(&item.name)?;
+    let amount = clean_amount(item.amount)?;
+    let date = clean_date(item.date.as_deref(), &p)?;
+    let sort_order = next_sort_order(db, household_id, period_id, item.kind).await?;
+    insert(
+        db,
+        household_id,
+        period_id,
+        item.kind,
+        name,
+        amount,
+        date,
+        sort_order,
+        None,
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
+pub async fn update(
+    db: &Database,
+    household_id: Uuid,
+    id: Uuid,
+    ch: ItemChanges,
+) -> AppResult<PlanItem> {
+    let current = get(db, household_id, id).await?;
+    let p = period::get_open(db, household_id, current.period_id).await?;
+    if ch.version.is_some_and(|v| v != current.version) {
+        return Err(stale());
+    }
+
+    let mut set = doc! { "updated_at": now() };
+    if let Some(name) = ch.name {
+        set.insert("name", clean_name(&name)?);
+    }
+    if let Some(amount) = ch.amount {
+        set.insert("amount", clean_amount(amount)?);
+    }
+    if let Some(date) = ch.date {
+        set.insert(
+            "date",
+            clean_date(Some(&date), &p)?.map_or(Bson::Null, Bson::String),
+        );
+    }
+
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("_id", id);
+    f.insert("version", current.version);
+    coll(db)
+        .find_one_and_update(f, doc! { "$set": set, "$inc": { "version": 1 } })
+        .return_document(ReturnDocument::After)
+        .await?
+        .ok_or_else(stale)
+}
+
+/// Soft delete (geçmiş/eşitleme için kayıt kalır).
+pub async fn delete(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, id: Uuid) -> AppResult<()> {
+    let current = get(db, household_id, id).await?;
+    period::get_open(db, household_id, current.period_id).await?;
+    let ts = now();
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("_id", id);
+    db.collection::<Document>(col::PLAN_ITEMS)
+        .update_one(
+            f,
+            doc! { "$set": { "deleted_at": ts, "updated_at": ts }, "$inc": { "version": 1 } },
+        )
+        .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Önceki dönemin kalemlerini bu döneme kopyalar. Eklenen kalem sayısını döner.
+pub async fn copy_previous(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, period_id: Uuid) -> AppResult<usize> {
+    let target = period::get_open(db, household_id, period_id).await?;
+
+    // Bir önceki dönem: başlangıcı bu dönemden önce olan en yeni dönem
+    let mut pf = scope(household_id);
+    pf.insert("start_date", doc! { "$lt": &target.start_date });
+    let source = db
+        .collection::<Period>(col::PERIODS)
+        .find_one(pf)
+        .sort(doc! { "start_date": -1 })
+        .await?
+        .ok_or_else(|| AppError::BadRequest("Kopyalanacak önceki dönem yok".into()))?;
+
+    let existing = list(db, household_id, period_id).await?;
+    let src_items = list(db, household_id, source.id).await?;
+
+    let src_start = parse_date(&source.start_date).ok_or_else(bad_period)?;
+    let dst_start = parse_date(&target.start_date).ok_or_else(bad_period)?;
+    let dst_last = parse_date(&target.end_date).ok_or_else(bad_period)? - Duration::days(1);
+
+    let mut added = 0;
+    for item in src_items {
+        let duplicate = existing
+            .iter()
+            .any(|e| e.kind == item.kind && e.name.to_lowercase() == item.name.to_lowercase());
+        if duplicate {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Göreli gün korunur, dönem dışına taşarsa son güne çekilir
+        let date = item.date.as_deref().and_then(parse_date).map(|d| {
+            let shifted = dst_start + (d - src_start);
+            format_date(shifted.clamp(dst_start, dst_last))
+        });
+        let sort_order = next_sort_order(db, household_id, period_id, item.kind).await?;
+        insert(
+            db,
+            household_id,
+            period_id,
+            item.kind,
+            item.name,
+            item.amount,
+            date,
+            sort_order,
+            Some(item.id),
+        )
+        .await?;
+        added += 1;
+    }
+    Ok(added)
+}
+
+// ---------- yardımcılar ----------
+
+async fn get(db: &Database, household_id: Uuid, id: Uuid) -> AppResult<PlanItem> {
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("_id", id);
+    coll(db).find_one(f).await?.ok_or(AppError::NotFound)
+}
+
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+async fn insert(
+    db: &Database,
+    household_id: Uuid,
+    period_id: Uuid,
+    kind: PlanKind,
+    name: String,
+    amount: i64,
+    date: Option<String>,
+    sort_order: i32,
+    copied_from: Option<Uuid>,
+) -> AppResult<PlanItem> {
+    let mut d = new_meta(household_id);
+    let id = d.get("_id").cloned().unwrap_or(Bson::Null);
+    d.insert("period_id", period_id);
+    d.insert("kind", kind.as_str());
+    d.insert("name", name);
+    d.insert("amount", amount);
+    d.insert("date", date.map_or(Bson::Null, Bson::String));
+    d.insert("sort_order", sort_order);
+    d.insert("copied_from_id", copied_from.map_or(Bson::Null, Bson::from));
+    db.collection::<Document>(col::PLAN_ITEMS)
+        .insert_one(d)
+        .await?;
+    coll(db)
+        .find_one(doc! { "_id": id })
+        .await?
+        .ok_or_else(|| AppError::Internal("eklenen kalem okunamadı".into()))
+}
+
+async fn next_sort_order(
+    db: &Database,
+    household_id: Uuid,
+    period_id: Uuid,
+    kind: PlanKind,
+) -> AppResult<i32> {
+    let mut f = scope(household_id);
+    f.insert("period_id", period_id);
+    f.insert("kind", kind.as_str());
+    let last = coll(db).find_one(f).sort(doc! { "sort_order": -1 }).await?;
+    Ok(last.map_or(10, |i| i.sort_order + 10))
+}
+
+fn clean_name(name: &str) -> AppResult<String> {
+    let n = name.trim();
+    match n.chars().count() {
+        0 => Err(AppError::BadRequest("Kalem adı boş olamaz".into())),
+        1..=60 => Ok(n.to_string()),
+        _ => Err(AppError::BadRequest(
+            "Kalem adı en fazla 60 karakter olabilir".into(),
+        )),
+    }
+}
+
+fn clean_amount(v: i64) -> AppResult<i64> {
+    if v <= 0 {
+        return Err(AppError::BadRequest("Tutar sıfırdan büyük olmalı".into()));
+    }
+    period::validate_amount(v)
+}
+
+/// Boş → `None`; doluysa geçerli ve dönem içinde olmalı.
+fn clean_date(date: Option<&str>, p: &Period) -> AppResult<Option<String>> {
+    match date.map(str::trim) {
+        None | Some("") => Ok(None),
+        Some(s) => {
+            parse_date(s).ok_or_else(|| AppError::BadRequest("Tarih geçersiz".into()))?;
+            if s < p.start_date.as_str() || s >= p.end_date.as_str() {
+                return Err(AppError::BadRequest("Tarih dönem içinde olmalı".into()));
+            }
+            Ok(Some(s.to_string()))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn stale() -> AppError {
+    AppError::Conflict("Kalem başka biri tarafından değiştirildi, sayfayı yenileyin".into())
+}
+
+fn bad_period() -> AppError {
+    AppError::Internal("dönem tarihi okunamadı".into())
+}