feat(plan): sabit gelir/gider kalemleri ve dönem notları (backend)

- /api/periods/{id}/plan-items: listele, ekle; /api/plan-items/{id}: düzenle, sil
- Önceki dönemden kopyala: göreli gün korunur, dönem sonuna kırpılır, aynı kalem tekrar eklenmez
- /api/periods/{id}/notes (planning | review), /api/notes/{id}: Markdown notlar
- Kapalı dönemde değişiklik yok; silme geri alınabilir şekilde işaretlenir
- Entegrasyon testleri (5): kurallar, kopyalama, salt okunur dönem, hane izolasyonu

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/src/routes/plan.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+//! Sabit gelir / gider kalemleri:
+//!
+//! | Yöntem | Yol | İş |
+//! |---|---|---|
+//! | GET    | `/api/periods/{id}/plan-items`               | dönemin kalemleri |
+//! | POST   | `/api/periods/{id}/plan-items`               | kalem ekle |
+//! | POST   | `/api/periods/{id}/plan-items/copy-previous` | önceki dönemden kopyala |
+//! | PATCH  | `/api/plan-items/{id}`                       | düzenle |
+//! | DELETE | `/api/plan-items/{id}`                       | sil |
+
+use axum::{
+    Json,
+    extract::{Path, State},
+    http::StatusCode,
+};
+use mongodb::bson::Uuid;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use ts_rs::TS;
+use validator::Validate;
+
+use crate::{
+    auth::AuthUser,
+    error::{AppError, AppResult},
+    extract::ValidJson,
+    models::plan_item::{PlanItem, PlanKind},
+    services::plan::{self, ItemChanges, NewItem},
+    state::AppState,
+};
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Validate, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "PlanItemCreateRequest", optional_fields)]
+pub struct CreateRequest {
+    kind: PlanKind,
+    name: String,
+    /// Kuruş, > 0
+    #[ts(type = "number")]
+    amount: i64,
+    /// `"YYYY-MM-DD"`, dönem içinde (isteğe bağlı)
+    date: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Validate, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "PlanItemUpdateRequest", optional_fields)]
+pub struct UpdateRequest {
+    name: Option<String>,
+    #[ts(type = "number", optional)]
+    amount: Option<i64>,
+    /// Boş metin → tarihi kaldır
+    date: Option<String>,
+    version: Option<i32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, TS)]
+#[ts(export, rename = "PlanItem")]
+pub struct PlanItemDto {
+    id: String,
+    kind: PlanKind,
+    name: String,
+    /// Kuruş
+    #[ts(type = "number")]
+    amount: i64,
+    date: Option<String>,
+    sort_order: i32,
+    version: i32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, TS)]
+#[ts(export)]
+pub struct CopyPreviousResult {
+    /// Eklenen kalem sayısı (zaten var olanlar atlanır)
+    added: usize,
+}
+
+impl From<PlanItem> for PlanItemDto {
+    fn from(i: PlanItem) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            id: i.id.to_string(),
+            kind: i.kind,
+            name: i.name,
+            amount: i.amount,
+            date: i.date,
+            sort_order: i.sort_order,
+            version: i.version,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn parse_id(id: &str) -> AppResult<Uuid> {
+    Uuid::parse_str(id).map_err(|_| AppError::NotFound)
+}
+
+pub async fn list(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(period_id): Path<String>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<Vec<PlanItemDto>>> {
+    let items = plan::list(&s.db, auth.household_id, parse_id(&period_id)?).await?;
+    Ok(Json(items.into_iter().map(PlanItemDto::from).collect()))
+}
+
+pub async fn create(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(period_id): Path<String>,
+    ValidJson(req): ValidJson<CreateRequest>,
+) -> AppResult<(StatusCode, Json<PlanItemDto>)> {
+    let item = plan::create(
+        &s.db,
+        auth.household_id,
+        parse_id(&period_id)?,
+        NewItem {
+            kind: req.kind,
+            name: req.name,
+            amount: req.amount,
+            date: req.date,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    Ok((StatusCode::CREATED, Json(item.into())))
+}
+
+pub async fn copy_previous(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(period_id): Path<String>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<CopyPreviousResult>> {
+    let added = plan::copy_previous(&s.db, auth.household_id, parse_id(&period_id)?).await?;
+    Ok(Json(CopyPreviousResult { added }))
+}
+
+pub async fn update(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(id): Path<String>,
+    ValidJson(req): ValidJson<UpdateRequest>,
+) -> AppResult<Json<PlanItemDto>> {
+    let item = plan::update(
+        &s.db,
+        auth.household_id,
+        parse_id(&id)?,
+        ItemChanges {
+            name: req.name,
+            amount: req.amount,
+            date: req.date,
+            version: req.version,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    Ok(Json(item.into()))
+}
+
+pub async fn delete(
+    State(s): State<AppState>,
+    auth: AuthUser,
+    Path(id): Path<String>,
+) -> AppResult<StatusCode> {
+    plan::delete(&s.db, auth.household_id, parse_id(&id)?).await?;
+    Ok(StatusCode::NO_CONTENT)
+}